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Simulation and experiments on a solid sorption combined cooling and power system driven by the exhaust

Peng GAO, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG, Yang YU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 516-526 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0511-5

摘要： A solid sorption combined cooling and power system driven by exhaust waste heat is proposed, which consists of a MnCl sorption bed, a CaCl sorption bed, an evaporator, a condenser, an expansion valve, and a scroll expander, and ammonia is chosen as the working fluid. First, the theoretical model of the system is established, and the partitioning calculation method is proposed for sorption beds. Next, the experimental system is established, and experimental results show that the refrigerating capacity at the refrigerating temperature of –10°C and the resorption time of 30 min is 1.95 kW, and the shaft power is 109.2 W. The system can provide approximately 60% of the power for the evaporator fan and the condenser fan. Finally, the performance of the system is compared with that of the solid sorption refrigeration system. The refrigerating capacity of two systems is almost the same at the same operational condition. Therefore, the power generation process does not influence the refrigeration process. The exergy efficiency of the two systems is 0.076 and 0.047, respectively. The feasibility of the system is determined, which proves that this system is especially suitable for the exhaust waste heat recovery.

关键词： solid sorption     exhaust waste heat     combined cooling and power system     exergy efficiency    

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A comprehensive energy solution for households employing a micro combined cooling, heating and powergeneration system

Huayi ZHANG, Can ZHANG, Fushuan WEN, Yan XU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 582-590 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0592-9

摘要：

In recent years, micro combined cooling, heating and power generation (mCCHP) systems have attracted much attention in the energy demand side sector. The input energy of a mCCHP system is natural gas, while the outputs include heating, cooling and electricity energy. The mCCHP system is deemed as a possible solution for households with multiple energy demands. Given this background, a mCCHP based comprehensive energy solution for households is proposed in this paper. First, the mathematical model of a home energy hub (HEH) is presented to describe the inputs, outputs, conversion and consumption process of multiple energies in households. Then, electrical loads and thermal demands are classified and modeled in detail, and the coordination and complementation between electricity and natural gas are studied. Afterwards, the concept of thermal comfort is introduced and a robust optimization model for HEH is developed considering electricity price uncertainties. Finally, a household using a mCCHP as the energy conversion device is studied. The simulation results show that the comprehensive energy solution proposed in this work can realize multiple kinds of energy supplies for households with the minimized total energy cost.

关键词： energy hub     micro combined cooling     heating and power generation (mCCHP)     thermal comfort     robust optimization    

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Active-reactive power scheduling of integrated electricity-gas network with multi-microgrids

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 251-265 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0857-1

摘要： Advances in natural gas-fired technologies have deepened the coupling between electricity and gas networks, promoting the development of the integrated electricity-gas network (IEGN) and strengthening the interaction between the active-reactive power flow in the power distribution network (PDN) and the natural gas flow in the gas distribution network (GDN). This paper proposes a day-ahead active-reactive power scheduling model for the IEGN with multi-microgrids (MMGs) to minimize the total operating cost. Through the tight coupling relationship between the subsystems of the IEGN, the potentialities of the IEGN with MMGs toward multi-energy cooperative interaction is optimized. Important component models are elaborated in the PDN, GDN, and coupled MMGs. Besides, motivated by the non-negligible impact of the reactive power, optimal inverter dispatch (OID) is considered to optimize the active and reactive power capabilities of the inverters of distributed generators. Further, a second-order cone (SOC) relaxation technology is utilized to transform the proposed active-reactive power scheduling model into a convex optimization problem that the commercial solver can directly solve. A test system consisting of an IEEE-33 test system and a 7-node natural gas network is adopted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling method. The results show that the proposed scheduling method can effectively reduce the power losses of the PDN in the IEGN by 9.86%, increase the flexibility of the joint operation of the subsystems of the IEGN, reduce the total operation costs by $32.20, and effectively enhance the operation economy of the IEGN.

关键词： combined cooling     heating     and power (CCHP)     integrated energy systems (IES)     natural gas     power distribution system     gas distribution system    

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Combined heat and power plant integrated with mobilized thermal energy storage (M-TES) system

Weilong WANG, Yukun HU, Jinyue YAN, Jenny NYSTR?M, Erik DAHLQUIST

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 469-474 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0123-9

摘要： Energy consumption for space and tap water heating in residential and service sectors accounts for one third of the total energy utilization in Sweden. District heating (DH) is used to supply heat to areas with high energy demand. However, there are still detached houses and sparse areas that are not connected to a DH network. In such areas, electrical heating or oil/pellet boilers are used to meet the heat demand. Extending the existing DH network to those spare areas is not economically feasible because of the small heat demand and the large investment required for the expansion. The mobilized thermal energy storage (M-TES) system is an alternative source of heat for detached buildings or sparse areas using industrial heat. In this paper, the integration of a combined heat and power (CHP) plant and an M-TES system is analyzed. Furthermore, the impacts of four options of the integrated system are discussed, including the power and heat output in the CHP plant. The performance of the M-TES system is likewise discussed.

关键词： Mobilized thermal energy system     district heating     thermal energy storage     combined heat and power     detached houses    

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冷热电联产系统中气冷式微型透平机的发电耗水、空气污染物排放及成本影响：亚特兰大地区案例研究 Article

Jean-Ann James, Valerie M. Thomas, Arka Pandit, Duo Li, John C. Crittenden

《工程（英文）》 2016年 第2卷 第4期   页码 470-480 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.04.008

摘要：

城市化进程的加快意味着城市和国际组织需要去寻找各种能够提高能源效率和减少空气中污染物排放的方法。冷热电联产(CCHP) 系统可以同时供暖、制冷和发电，具有提高城市或城市区域能源发电效率的潜力。本研究的目的是在满足建筑热需求(供热和制冷) 的各种运行条件下，对亚特兰大大都市区内的五种常见建筑类型在采用CCHP 系统时的发电耗水、CO2 和NOx 排放，及其经济性进行评价。对于大多数采用或不采用净计量策略的建筑类型来说，以满足每小时热需求去运行CCHP 系统均可减少CO2 的排放量。该系统能否对这些建筑类型产生经济效益，主要取决于天然气的价格、净计量策略的采用和假定的CCHP 系统的成本结构。当建筑物采用净计量策略并且CCHP 系统是以满足建筑物每年的最大热需求而运行时，CCHP 系统的发电耗水量和NOx 的排放量均有最大限度的减少，尽管此时该运行情景会增加温室气体排放和发电成本。CCHP 系统对中型办公楼、大型办公楼和多户型住宅建筑更经济、实用。

关键词： 冷热电联产（CCHP）     气冷式微型透平机     分布式能源发电     发电耗水     净计量    

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Carbon emission impact on the operation of virtual power plant with combined heat and power system

Yu-hang XIA,Jun-yong LIU,Zheng-wen HUANG,Xu ZHANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第5期   页码 479-488 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500467

摘要： A virtual power plant (VPP) can realize the aggregation of distributed generation in a certain region, and represent distributed generation to participate in the power market of the main grid. With the expansion of VPPs and ever-growing heat demand of consumers, managing the effect of fluctuations in the amount of available renewable resources on the operation of VPPs and maintaining an economical supply of electric power and heat energy to users have been important issues. This paper proposes the allocation of an electric boiler to realize wind power directly converted for supplying heat, which can not only overcome the limitation of heat output from a combined heat and power (CHP) unit, but also reduce carbon emissions from a VPP. After the electric boiler is considered in the VPP operation model of the combined heat and power system, a multi-objective model is built, which includes the costs of carbon emissions, total operation of the VPP and the electricity traded between the VPP and the main grid. The model is solved by the CPLEX package using the fuzzy membership function in Matlab, and a case study is presented. The power output of each unit in the case study is analyzed under four scenarios. The results show that after carbon emission is taken into account, the output of low carbon units is significantly increased, and the allocation of an electric boiler can facilitate the maximum absorption of renewable energy, which also reduces carbon emissions from the VPP.

关键词： Virtual power plant (VPP)     Carbon emissions     Electric boiler     Wind power     Combined heat and power (CHP)    

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emissions: a comparative study of the feasibility of the hybrid renewable energy systems incorporating combinedheat and power technology

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 336-356 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0748-x

摘要： Fuel poverty is most prevalent in North East England with 14.4% of fuel poor households in Newcastle upon Tyne. The aim of this paper was to identify a grid connected renewable energy system coupled with natural gas reciprocating combined heat and power unit, that is cost-effective and technically feasible with a potential to generate a profit from selling energy excess to the grid to help alleviate fuel poverty. The system was also aimed at low carbon emissions. Fourteen models were designed and optimized with the aid of the HOMER Pro software. Models were compared with respect to their economic, technical, and environmental performance. A solution was proposed where restrictions were placed on the size of renewable energy components. This configuration consists of 150 kW CHP, 300 kW PV cells, and 30 kW wind turbines. The renewable fraction is 5.10% and the system yields a carbon saving of 7.9% in comparison with conventional systems. The initial capital investment is $1.24 million which enables the system to have grid sales of 582689 kWh/a. A conservative calculation determined that 40% of the sales can be used to reduce the energy cost of fuel poor households by $706 per annum. This solution has the potential to eliminate fuel poverty at the site analyzed.

关键词： greenhouse gas control     low carbon target     grid connected     renewable fraction     fuel poverty     combined heat and power     HOMER Pro    

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Indoor thermal comfort research on the hybrid system of radiant cooling and dedicated outdoor air system

Weiliang WANG, Zhe TIAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 155-160 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0244-z

摘要： The radiant cooling system generally operates with the dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS). Air supply modes and the corresponding setting parameters of the hybrid system may substantially influence the indoor thermal comfort. With target indexes of air diffusion performance index (ADPI) and predicted mean vote (PMV), the Taguchi method was used to choose the optimal air supply mode and to analyze the significance of different factors on the thermal comfort. The results are expected for conducting the future design and regulation of the hybrid system. Computation fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation as well as verified experiments was performed during the research. Based on the ADPI studies, it is found that the air supply mode of ceiling delivery with ceiling exhaust is an optimized option to apply in DOAS of the hybrid system. Variance analysis results show that influence fact of air supply temperature is the most dominant one to impact the indoor thermal comfort index of PMV.

关键词： radiant cooling system     dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS)     thermal comfort     Taguchi method     variance analysis    

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Energy efficiency of small buildings with smart cooling system in the summer

Yazdan DANESHVAR, Majid SABZEHPARVAR, Seyed Amir Hossein HASHEMI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 651-660 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0699-7

摘要： In this paper, a novel cooling control strategy as part of the smart energy system that can balance thermal comfort against building energy consumption by using the sensing and machine programming technology was investigated. For this goal, a general form of a building was coupled by the smart cooling system (SCS) and the consumption of energy with thermal comfort cooling of persons simulated by using the EnergyPlus software and compared with similar buildings without SCS. At the beginning of the research, using the data from a survey in a randomly selected group of hundreds and by analyzing and verifying the results of the specific relationship between the different groups of people in the statistical society, the body mass index (BMI) and their thermal comfort temperature were obtained, and the sample building was modeled using the EnergyPlus software. The result show that if an intelligent ventilation system that can calculate the thermal comfort temperature was used in accordance with the BMI of persons, it can save up to 35% of the cooling load of the building yearly.

关键词： smart home     heating and cooling systems     saving energy     optimal consumption of energy    

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A spectrally selective surface structure for combined photothermic conversion and radiative sky cooling

Bin ZHAO, Xianze AO, Nuo CHEN, Qingdong XUAN, Mingke HU, Gang PEI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 882-888 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0694-z

摘要： The sun and outer space are the ultimate heat and cold sources for the earth, respectively. They have significant potential for renewable energy harvesting. In this paper, a spectrally selective surface structure that has a planar polydimethylsiloxane layer covering a solar absorber is conceptually proposed and optically designed for the combination of photothermic conversion (PT) and nighttime radiative sky cooling (RC). An optical simulation is conducted whose result shows that the designed surface structure (i.e., PT-RC surface structure) has a strong solar absorption coefficient of 0.92 and simultaneously emits as a mid-infrared spectral-selective emitter with an average emissivity of 0.84 within the atmospheric window. A thermal analysis prediction reveals that the designed PT-RC surface structure can be heated to 79.1°C higher than the ambient temperature in the daytime and passively cooled below the ambient temperature of approximately 10°C in the nighttime, indicating that the designed PT-RC surface structure has the potential for integrated PT conversion and nighttime RC utilization.

关键词： solar energy     photothermic conversion     radiative sky cooling     spectral selectivity     multilayer film    

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Performance evaluation of an improved biomass-fired cogeneration system simultaneously using extractionsteam, cooling water, and feedwater for heating

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 321-335 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0741-4

摘要： An advanced cogeneration system based on biomass direct combustion was developed and its feasibility was demonstrated. In place of the traditional single heat source (extraction steam), the extraction steam from the turbine, the cooling water from the plant condenser, and the low-pressure feedwater from the feedwater preheating system were collectively used for producing district heat in the new scheme. Hence, a remarkable energy-saving effect could be achieved, improving the overall efficiency of the cogeneration system. The thermodynamic and economic performance of the novel system was examined when taking a 35 MW biomass-fired cogeneration unit for case study. Once the biomass feed rate and net thermal production remain constant, an increment of 1.36 MW can be expected in the net electric production, because of the recommended upgrading. Consequently, the total system efficiency and effective electrical efficiency augmented by 1.23 and 1.50 percentage points. The inherent mechanism of performance enhancement was investigated from the energy and exergy aspects. The economic study indicates that the dynamic payback period of the retrofitting project is merely 1.20 years, with a net present value of 5796.0 k$. In conclusion, the proposed concept is validated to be advantageous and profitable.

关键词： biomass-fired cogeneration     district heat production system     absorption heat pump     extraction steam     cooling water     low-pressure feedwater    

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Efficient use of waste heat and solar energy: Technologies of cooling, heating, power generation and

Ya-Ling HE, Ruzhu WANG, Anthony Paul ROSKILLY, Peiwen LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 411-413 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0525-z

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Performance analysis of combined cycle power plant

Nikhil DEV,Rajesh ATTRI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 371-386 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0371-9

摘要： Combined cycle power plants (CCPPs) are in operation with diverse thermodynamic cycle configurations. Assortment of thermodynamic cycle for scrupulous locality is dependent on the type of fuel available and different utilities obtained from the plant. In the present paper, seven of the practically applicable configurations of CCPP are taken into consideration. Exergetic and energetic analysis of each component of the seven configurations is conducted with the help of computer programming tool, i.e., engineering equation solver (EES) at different pressure ratios. For Case 7, the effects of pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature and ambient relative humidity on the first and second law is studied. The thermodynamics analysis indicates that the exergy destruction in various components of the combined cycle is significantly affected by the overall pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature and pressure loss in air filter and less affected by the ambient relative humidity.

关键词： first-law     second-law     exergy destruction     components    

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Combined heat and power economic dispatch problem using firefly algorithm

Afshin YAZDANI, T. JAYABARATHI, V. RAMESH, T. RAGHUNATHAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 133-139 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0248-8

摘要： Cogeneration units, which produce both heat and electric power, are found in many process industries. These industries also consume heat directly in addition to electricity. The cogeneration units operate only within a feasible zone. Each point within the feasible zone consists of a specific value of heat and electric power. These units are used along with other units, which produce either heat or power exclusively. Hence, the economic dispatch problem for these plants to optimize the fuel cost is quite complex and several classical and meta-heuristic algorithms have been proposed earlier. This paper applies the firefly algorithm, which is inspired by the behavior of fireflies which attract each other based on their luminosity. The results obtained have been compared with those obtained by other methods earlier and showed a marked improvement over the earlier methods.

关键词： combined heat and power (CHP) economic dispatch     meta-heuristic algorithm     firefly algorithm     cogeneration    

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分布式能量系统浅析

宋之平

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第12期   页码 78-84

摘要：

现代分布式能量系统的出现是能源领域涉及可持续发展战略的一件大事。讨论了有关这一系统的一些基本概念，把它定义为“位于或临近用户中心、不以大规模、远距离输送电力为目的并具有环境相容性的电力总能系统”。分布式能量系统为热电联产和多联产的有效实施提供了最有利的系统形式，以分布式能量系统的方式耗用天然气可提高其经济性和与环境的相容性。认为，从长远的观点应把洁净煤也视为分布式能量系统的重要一次能源。微型透平是近年能源技术的一大成就，但在小型原动机领域中，内燃机仍具有旺盛的生命力。选择在发展大型集中式能量系统过程的同时不失时机、因地制宜地发展分布式能量系统，把它放在与之并行不悖且相辅相成的地位，以促进我国能源事业的可持续化发展。

关键词： 分布式能量系统     可持续发展战略     热电联产     多联产    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Simulation and experiments on a solid sorption combined cooling and power system driven by the exhaust

Peng GAO, Liwei WANG, Ruzhu WANG, Yang YU

期刊论文

A comprehensive energy solution for households employing a micro combined cooling, heating and powergeneration system

Huayi ZHANG, Can ZHANG, Fushuan WEN, Yan XU

期刊论文

Active-reactive power scheduling of integrated electricity-gas network with multi-microgrids

期刊论文

Combined heat and power plant integrated with mobilized thermal energy storage (M-TES) system

Weilong WANG, Yukun HU, Jinyue YAN, Jenny NYSTR?M, Erik DAHLQUIST

期刊论文

冷热电联产系统中气冷式微型透平机的发电耗水、空气污染物排放及成本影响：亚特兰大地区案例研究

Jean-Ann James, Valerie M. Thomas, Arka Pandit, Duo Li, John C. Crittenden

期刊论文

Carbon emission impact on the operation of virtual power plant with combined heat and power system

Yu-hang XIA,Jun-yong LIU,Zheng-wen HUANG,Xu ZHANG

期刊论文

emissions: a comparative study of the feasibility of the hybrid renewable energy systems incorporating combinedheat and power technology

期刊论文

Indoor thermal comfort research on the hybrid system of radiant cooling and dedicated outdoor air system

Weiliang WANG, Zhe TIAN

期刊论文

Energy efficiency of small buildings with smart cooling system in the summer

Yazdan DANESHVAR, Majid SABZEHPARVAR, Seyed Amir Hossein HASHEMI

期刊论文

A spectrally selective surface structure for combined photothermic conversion and radiative sky cooling

Bin ZHAO, Xianze AO, Nuo CHEN, Qingdong XUAN, Mingke HU, Gang PEI

期刊论文

Performance evaluation of an improved biomass-fired cogeneration system simultaneously using extractionsteam, cooling water, and feedwater for heating

期刊论文

Efficient use of waste heat and solar energy: Technologies of cooling, heating, power generation and

Ya-Ling HE, Ruzhu WANG, Anthony Paul ROSKILLY, Peiwen LI

期刊论文

Performance analysis of combined cycle power plant

Nikhil DEV,Rajesh ATTRI

期刊论文

Combined heat and power economic dispatch problem using firefly algorithm

Afshin YAZDANI, T. JAYABARATHI, V. RAMESH, T. RAGHUNATHAN

期刊论文

分布式能量系统浅析

宋之平

期刊论文